| Command | Description |
|---|---|
pwd |
Print current directory |
ls |
List directory contents |
cd [dir] |
Change directory |
mkdir [name] |
Make new directory |
rm [file] |
Delete file |
rm -r [folder] |
Delete folder recursively |
cp [src] [dest] |
Copy file/folder |
mv [src] [dest] |
Move or rename file |
clear |
Clear the terminal |
history |
Show command history |
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
whoami |
Show current user |
sudo [command] |
Run command as root |
passwd |
Change user password |
su |
Switch to root user |
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
ls -la |
Show all files with details |
cat [file] |
View file contents |
nano [file] |
Edit file using Nano |
touch [file] |
Create new file |
| Tool | Usage |
|---|---|
nmap |
Network scanning (nmap -sV 192.168.1.1) |
whois |
Domain information lookup |
harvester |
Email/domain OSINT |
burpsuite |
Web proxy GUI |
wireshark |
Network packet analyzer |
msfconsole |
Launch Metasploit |
hydra |
Brute force login |
gobuster |
Directory brute force |
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| IP Address | ip a or ifconfig |
| Network interfaces | iwconfig |
| Ping test | ping [IP/domain] |
| DNS lookup | nslookup, dig |
| ARP scan | arp-scan -l |
msfconsole
search exploit_name
use exploit/path
set RHOST target_ip
set PAYLOAD payload
exploit| Command | Description |
|---|---|
sudo apt update |
Refresh package lists |
sudo apt upgrade |
Update installed packages |
sudo apt install [tool] |
Install tool |
sudo apt remove [tool] |
Remove tool |
| Tip | Detail |
|---|---|
| Always run updates | sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade |
| Use regular user | Don't stay as root unnecessarily |
| Take notes | Use gedit, nano, or notepadqq |
| Practice legally | Use TryHackMe, HTB, or local VMs |
| Snapshot often | Before major changes on VMs |
| Shortcut | Action |
|---|---|
Ctrl + C |
Cancel current command |
Ctrl + L |
Clear screen |
Tab |
Autocomplete |
↑/↓ |
Navigate command history |
Ctrl + Shift + T |
New terminal tab |